What Happens During an Assessment For ADHD?
During an ADHD assessment, clinicians use the standard clinical ratings scales as well as behavior questions. They can be used to identify and screen the disorder, as well as tracking progress during treatment.
She might also inquire about your life and childhood. She could also ask questions about others in your life. This could include a partner, spouse or a daycare service for children.
Diagnosis
The symptoms must be present for at least six month to qualify as ADHD. They must also meet specific criteria based on subtype: inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, or combined presentation. A mental health professional will evaluate the individual using clinical interviews, behavior rating scales and symptom checklists. They can also look over school records and interview teachers and caregivers. They may also test for learning disabilities, and perform a medical evaluation to rule out any other condition that have similar symptoms.
In children younger than age 5 the diagnosis is usually based on symptoms of inattentive presentations. This kind of child has difficulty paying attention. They are easily distracted by irrelevant content and lack organizational skills. They also fidget, can't remain still, or have a difficult time following directions or following rules. They have a difficult time waiting to be the first in a conversation and often quickly give answers before the question is finished.
A more common diagnosis in adolescents and adults is based on symptoms of hyperactive/impulsive presentation. People who are hyperactive and impulsive often have trouble getting to sleep or get up early, and can't wait for their turn in games or conversations. They are often disruptive to others, get into fights or make decisions without considering the consequences.
They can also lose things, struggle to finish tasks or assignments and frequently lose the track of their belongings. In adolescence and adulthood, these behavioral traits can lead to poor academic performance and problems in relationships. The majority of people suffering from ADHD are able to manage their symptoms through psychotherapy, medication, or lifestyle interventions.
ADHD sufferers are able to benefit from a variety of treatments that can improve their ability to focus to impulse control and ability to organize. Non-pharmacologic treatments include cognitive therapy, family support, education, as well as training in self-regulation methods. Nonstimulants and psychostimulants are available for therapeutic purposes. The most effective medications enhance focus and concentration and increase efficiency and productivity. Some individuals need to try various dosages and medications before they find one that works for them.
Screening
In some cases, ADHD symptoms are mild and don't interfere with social or work life. In other instances, the symptoms are severe and greatly affect the person's ability to function at home, school or at work.
An ADHD screening consists of a medical interview with your doctor to discuss your symptoms and experiences. Your doctor will also go over your family history, medical history and any medical issues that you may have. A physical exam is essential to rule out any other medical conditions that can cause symptoms similar to ADHD.
Your healthcare provider will employ questionnaires and rating scales to measure symptoms. They will ask you about your work and home life, and examine past academic or work performance reports to look for patterns that could suggest ADHD. They also use tests to identify your strengths and weaknesses. They will also ask you about any drugs or substances that may have a calming effect or affect on focus like caffeine, psychostimulants or cannabis.
ADHD can affect people of all ages. It could have less of a negative impact during the early years of childhood or in adolescence, but may become more difficult as you age, when it's coupled with responsibilities that are new and increasing demands at school or work that exceed the individual's abilities as a neurobiologically impaired. Stress, sleep issues, and diet may also contribute to symptoms.
A medical assessment conducted by a medical professional is the most reliable and accurate method to diagnose ADHD. If you suspect you might be suffering from ADHD, you can use an online tool to determine if a professional evaluation is required.
The World Health Organization offers an adult ADHD self-reporting questionnaire that takes about five minutes to complete and will help you determine if you would benefit from a professional assessment for the disorder. It is important to remember that self-assessments and rating tools aren't always reliable. This is due to their limitations and are often unable to accurately identify people who may have ADHD.
Co-occurring conditions
The way in which ADHD interacts with other mental health conditions can impact the severity and course of both disorders. It can also influence the success of treatment. It is sometimes referred to as co-occurring, dual diagnosis or comorbidity.
Some people suffering from ADHD have additional medical conditions such as anxiety or depression. Some may also have behavioral health issues, such as bipolar disorder. It is important for both conditions to be treated.
To determine ADHD doctors adhere to the American Psychiatric Association's guidelines. They will look over school records and questionnaires filled out by caregivers and teachers. They will also talk to the patient and observe their behavior. They will also rule other conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as thyroid disorders and learning disabilities. Doctors will only diagnose ADHD in children who show five or more symptoms:
People with primarily hyperactive-impulsive ADHD act "as if driven by a motor" and have little impulse control. They tend to move around, squirm or talk excessively when it's not appropriate. They also have trouble getting their turn in conversations or games. They are easily distracted and have a difficult time getting their work done.
In contrast, people with predominantly inattentional ADHD do not act like this. They tend to fail to notice things at home or work or at work, and are prone to miss the point of instructions. They also are unable to concentrate on a single thing for long periods of time, and often lose the message in discussions or lectures.
Unlike impulsive or hyperactive ADHD or inattention, inattentive ADHD does not lead to many physical injuries however, it can increase the risk of having other mental health issues. It can also increase the likelihood of developing substance abuse disorders, including alcohol and drug addiction. Many people with SUD and ADHD use self-medicating methods such as drugs or alcohol to try to reduce the symptoms of ADHD. This can make their condition worse and make it more difficult for them to recover.
Treatment
Children with ADHD are treated with non-stimulant medications and behavioral therapy. They are also commonly recommended for adults whose symptoms are a hindrance with daily functioning. These therapies could include parent training in behavior management techniques and individual counselling sessions and group sessions. These therapies can include teaching organizational skills, dealing with frustration or strategies to improve academic performance. Teens and children diagnosed with ADHD may receive accommodations in schools by way of a 504 Plan or, when they qualify for special education, an Individualized Education Plan.
A comprehensive treatment plan must take into account both immediate and longer-term requirements. It should involve regular monitoring of symptoms and their effects on social and professional life, and a discussion of how the individual's current supports might be strengthened or new ones developed. The aim is to reduce impairment, while helping the person feel confident and able to perform their daily activities.
Methylphenidate is the most frequently used medication for treating teens and adults suffering from ADHD. It belongs to a class called stimulants. It increases the activity of the brain in areas that regulate attention and behavior. It is available as immediate-release tablets or modified-release tablets that release the drug over a period of time. These medications can cause a decrease in appetite, an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. However these side effects are usually minimal and disappear after a few weeks.
Certain children with ADHD might have difficulty sleeping through the night, or get up too early in the morning despite having multiple alarms. This can result in fatigue and a lack focus throughout the day. It is crucial to follow the same routine of sleeping with the same bedtime every day and a similar wake-up time.
Cognitive therapy is focused on identifying and modifying "thinking mistakes" which can cause poor performance, like self-critical thoughts or negative perceptions about one's abilities. This kind of therapy can help improve attention and concentration and also promotes a positive outlook, feelings of confidence and competence. It is usually paired with a dietary change that includes diets that are low in sugar and fats, as well as exercise and other lifestyle changes to improve health for an individual.